每日英語跟讀 Ep.K343: Girls more likely to attribute failure to lack of talent
Across the world, girls are more likely than boys to blame academic failure on a lack of talent, according to a large study on gender stereotypes published Wednesday last week.
根據上周三發表的一項關於性別刻板印象的大型研究，在世界各地，女孩比男孩更有可能將學業失敗歸咎於缺乏才能。
Paradoxically, the idea that males are inherently more brilliant was most entrenched in countries that are more egalitarian.
矛盾的是，男性天生更聰明的想法在更加平等的國家中最為根深蒂固。
Such stereotypes have been explored in the past, but the new work, published in the journal Science Advances, has the advantage of encompassing 500,000 students across the world, making it possible to compare between countries.
這種刻板印象過去曾被探索過，但發表在《科學進展》雜誌上的新工作的優勢在於，全世界有50萬名學生，可以在國家之間進行比較。
It used data from the 2018 Program for International Student Assessment (PISA), a study conducted every three years to learn more about the knowledge and skills of 15-year-old students in math, reading, and sciences.
該研究使用了2018年國際學生評估計劃（PISA）的數據，這是一項每三年進行一次的研究，旨在更多地瞭解15歲學生在數學，閱讀和科學方面的知識和技能。
The 2018 survey included the sentence: “When I am failing, I am afraid that I might not have enough talent.”
2018年的調查中有這樣一句話：「當我失敗時，我擔心我可能沒有足夠的天賦。
The result: in 71 of the 72 countries studied, even when performance was equal, girls were more inclined to attribute their failures to a lack of talent than boys, who were likelier to blame external factors. The sole exception was Saudi Arabia.
結果：在所研究的72個國家中，有71個國家，即使表現相同，女孩也比男孩更傾向於將失敗歸因於缺乏才能，男孩更有可能歸咎於外部因素。唯一的例外是沙烏地阿拉伯。
Contrary to what one may expect, the differences were most pronounced in wealthy nations. The less talented that girls believe they are compared to boys, the less confidence they have, the less they enjoy competition, and the less willing they are to work in male-dominated occupations such as information and communication technology.
與人們的預期相反，這種差異在富裕國家最為明顯。女孩認為她們與男孩相比天賦越差，她們的信心就越低，她們就越不喜歡競爭，她們就越不願意從事男性主導的職業，如資訊和通信技術。
The result “suggests that the glass ceiling is unlikely to disappear as countries develop or become more gender-egalitarian,” the authors said in the paper.A proposed solution: “Stop thinking in terms of innate talent,” said study co-author Thomas Breda, of CNRS and the Paris School of Economics.
結果提出，隨著各國的發展或變得更加性別平等，玻璃天花板不太可能消失，"作者在論文中說。
一個建議的解決方案：「停止從天生的天賦的角度思考，」CNRS和巴黎經濟學院的合著者Thomas Breda說。
“Success comes from learning through trial and error. If we deconstruct the concept of pure talent, we will also deconstruct the idea that girls are less naturally endowed with talent than boys.”
"成功來自於通過反覆試驗的學習。如果我們解構了純粹天賦的概念，我們也會解構這樣一種觀念，即女孩比男孩更不自然地被賦予天賦。Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2022/03/15/2003774776