每日英語跟讀 Ep.K359: About medicine - Scientists publish the first complete human genome

Scientists on Thursday published the first complete human genome, filling in gaps remaining after previous efforts while offering new promise in the search for clues regarding disease-causing mutations and genetic variation among the world’s 7.9 billion people.

科學家週四發表第一個完整人類基因組，填補了先前努力後仍存在的空白，同時為在全球79億人中尋找有關致病突變和遺傳變異的線索，帶來新希望。

Researchers in 2003 unveiled what was then billed as the complete sequence of the human genome. But about 8% of it had not been fully deciphered, mainly because it consisted of highly repetitive chunks of DNA that were difficult to mesh with the rest.

研究人員於2003年公布當時被稱為人類基因組的完整序列，但其中有大約8％沒有完全破譯，主要是因為這部分是由高度重覆的DNA片段組成，難以與其他部分相嚙合。

A consortium of scientists resolved that in research published in the journal Science. The work was initially made public last year before its formal peer review process.

一個科學家團隊解決了上述問題，並將成果發表在《科學》期刊。這項研究在經過正式同儕審查程序前，最初曾在去年公布。

The consortium’s full version is composed of 3.055 billion base pairs, the units from which chromosomes and our genes are built, and 19,969 genes that encode proteins.

這個團隊提供的完整版本，是由30億5500萬個鹼基對（構成染色體和基因的單位）和1萬9969個蛋白質編碼基因所組成。

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‘You inhaled it’: Man inhales drill bit during dental visit 「你把它吸入了」：男子看牙醫時吸入鑽頭

A routine trip to the dentist was anything but normal — after an Illinois man inhaled the dentist’s drill bit and had to go to the hospital to get it removed last month.

這個例行造訪牙醫的行程絕對不正常──在伊利諾一名男子上月把牙醫的鑽頭吸入以後，必須前往醫院把它取出。

Tom Jozsi, 60, told WISN-TV that he was at the dentist getting his tooth filled when he was told he swallowed a tool.

60歲的湯姆．賈州仕告訴WISN電視台，他在牙醫那邊補牙時被告知，他吞下了一個工具。

“I didn’t really even feel it going down. All I felt was a cough. When they did the CT scan they realized, ‘You didn’t swallow it. You inhaled it,’” he said. Doctors believe that Jozsi inhaled just before he coughed, sending the 1-inch bit deep into Jozsi’s lung.

他說，「我甚至沒有真的感覺到它下去。我只感覺到咳嗽。當他們做了電腦斷層掃描，他們了解到：『你沒有吞了它。你把它吸進去。』」醫生們相信，賈州仕是在咳嗽前吸進去的，把這個1英寸的鑽頭送進他肺部深處。

Dr. Abdul Alraiyes decided to try a newer device to remove the object — one that’s designed for early detection of cancer.

阿卜杜勒．阿萊耶斯醫師決定嘗試一種更新型的設備來移除該物體──一種設計用來早期偵測癌症的設備。

Video of the scan shows the medical team was able to navigate the narrow airways, reach the drill piece and pull it out without harming Jozsi.

掃描影片顯示，醫療團隊能在狹窄氣道遊走、觸及探頭並將之拉出而不傷害賈州仕。Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1512260 ; https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1513256