每日英語跟讀 Ep.K487: Political football: War and peace by other means at the World Cup
As Iran prepares to play diplomatic arch-rivals the US in the World Cup today, AFP looks at how geopolitics have spilled onto the pitch in previous World Cups:
伊朗準備在今天的世界盃足球賽跟外交宿敵美國交手，法新社檢視過去的世足賽，看看地緣政治如何蔓延到球場上：
Mussolini’s ‘Blackshirts’: France v Italy, 1938
墨索里尼的「黑衫軍」：法國對義大利，1938年
Just a year before World War II broke out, defending champions Italy arrived in France with politics taking center stage in their clash with the hosts. Championed by Italy’s then-leader, fascist dictator Benito Mussolini, the team were booed when they came onto the pitch at the stadium near Paris.
Undeterred, the Italians gave the fascist salute to the crowd and played in black shirts, a nod to the uniform worn by Mussolini’s notorious “Blackshirts” militia. Italy won the clash 3-1 and went on to win the competition.
就在第二次世界大戰爆發前一年，衛冕者義大利隊抵達法國，在與主辦國的衝突中，政治佔據了中心位置。義大利隊受當時義大利領導人、法西斯獨裁者貝尼托‧墨索里尼所支持，他們在巴黎近郊的球場上場時，被喝倒采。 義大利隊沒被嚇倒，向群眾行了法西斯式的敬禮，並身穿黑衣出賽，這是向墨索里尼臭名昭著的「黑衫軍」民兵制服致敬。 義大利以3-1擊敗法國，且之後贏得了冠軍。
Maradona’s moment: England v Argentina, 1986
馬拉度納的時刻：英格蘭對阿根廷，1986年
This highly charged clash took place in Mexico four years after Argentina’s defeat to Britain in the Falklands War. To the joy of their fans, Argentina took symbolic revenge, winning the quarter-final 2-1 with Diego Maradona scoring twice. His first goal was the infamous “Hand of God” goal, in which he punched the ball past England goalkeeper Peter Shilton. Then a superb solo effort dubbed the goal of the century sealed victory. “It was a final for us. It was not about winning a match, it was about eliminating the English,” Maradona said.
這場發生在墨西哥的激烈衝突，是阿根廷在福克蘭戰爭敗給英國四年後。 令阿根廷球迷欣喜的是，阿根廷隊進行了象徵性的報復，在八強賽中以2-1擊敗英格蘭，迪亞哥‧馬拉度納進了兩球。他的第一個進球便是聲名狼藉的「上帝之手」進球──他用手擊球，讓球越過英格蘭守門員彼得‧希爾頓。隨後，被稱為世紀進球的馬拉度納絕妙個人秀讓阿根廷勝券在握。 「這對我們來說就是決賽。我們不是為了贏得一場比賽，而是為了淘汰英格蘭人」，馬拉度納說。
An eagle lands: Switzerland v Serbia, 2018
老鷹降臨：瑞士對塞爾維亞，2018年
This clash caused a huge outcry in Serbia after two Swiss players of Albanian origins (Kosovo and Labnai) celebrated their goals with a two-handed eagle gesture to mimic the black eagle in Albania’s flag, considered by Serbia as a nationalist provocation. The double eagle symbol is viewed as a symbol of defiance in Kosovo, which declared independence in 2008 in a move Serbia refuses to recognise.
Granit Xhaka, who was born in Kosovo, made the gesture after he scored Switzerland’s first goal, and Xherdan Shaqiri repeated it following his last-gasp winner that clinched a 2-1 victory. FIFA fined the players, although they escaped a ban.
衝突的起因，是兩名阿爾巴尼亞裔（科索沃和拉布奈）的瑞士球員在進球後，以兩手做出老鷹的手勢模仿阿爾巴尼亞國旗上的黑鷹慶祝，這在塞爾維亞引起了強烈抗議，因塞爾維亞認為這是一種民族主義挑釁。 雙鷹符號在科索沃被視為反抗的象徵，該國於2008年宣布獨立，而塞爾維亞拒絕承認科索沃的獨立。 出生在科索沃的格蘭尼特‧扎卡在為瑞士隊踢進第一球後做了這手勢，而傑爾丹‧沙奇里在他最後的致勝球以 2-1 獲勝後重複了這個手勢。 國際足總對這些球員處以罰款，雖然他們躲過了禁令。Source article: https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2022/11/29/2003789757